There’s more than one way to churn butter.
This Indian machine has the operator pulling strings to rotate the paddle inside the jar:
This machine is what Westerners think of when thinking of churning butter, turning the handle which rotates the barrel, so the milk sloshes around inside it.
Shaking milk in a skin works too.
You can shake milk in a barrel, or a clay urn.
Moving a plunger up and down works too. It’s a technique used in places as far apart as Wales and Tibet.